This report examines Iran’s nuclear program and the challenges surrounding the revival of the JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action). Since the U.S. withdrew from the JCPOA in 2018, sanctions have worsened Iran’s economic situation, pushing the new administration to prioritise the reactivation of the agreement. Though the Biden administration has expressed interest, political and security concerns in the U.S. complicate progress. Iran’s allies, Russia and China, support restoring the JCPOA for regional stability, while conservative factions within Iran remain skeptical. As Iran pursues economic relief, the outcome of these efforts will depend heavily on both U.S. politics and Iran’s internal dynamics, with the potential for either renewed diplomacy or increased regional tensions.
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